![]() Serum immunoglobulin tests may be used in the assessment of conditions associated with chronic inflammation (eg. 2 These may occur as an isolated defect or as part of a wider combined immunodeficiency affecting both T- and B-cells. There are many types of antibody deficiencies ranging from isolated IgA deficiency to severe deficiencies of all immunoglobulins. Patients with antibody deficiency are particularly predisposed to recurrent sinopulmonary infections, especially with polysaccharide encapsulated organisms including Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. The tests should be ordered if a patient has symptoms suggestive of an immunoglobulin deficiency, such as family history of immunodeficiency, recurrent or severe or unusual bacterial infections, lack of response to antibiotics, unusual or recurrent viral infections and/or chronic unexplained diarrhoea. A low level of immunoglobulin is termed ‘hypogammaglobulinaemia’. Serum immunoglobulin tests are used for the evaluation of antibody (humoral) immunodeficiencies.
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